safes



JA"AND RELATED DEVICES.

invento I',

see; SAEES, BANK PROTECTION AND RELATED DEVTCES.

lllnitml tant scorn @anni (dimite.

--strength and toughness.

DAVID O. PAIGE, 0F DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

Letters Patent N 10,184, dated February 22', 1870.

IMPROVEMENT 1N ser-'Es *09h-. The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of-the same To whom it may concern.-

marked thereon, and being a part of this specih'cation.

In the drawngs- Figure 1 represents a vertical'and horizontal section ot' one corner of my safe; and

. Figure 2 represents, also, a corner of the same, exhibiting the Inode of construction, so far as relates to certain steel bars` hereinafter described.

Like letters denote like.parts in each figure.

' The object ot' my Iinvention is the construction of a safe composed ot' hard and soft steel and iron, so combined, arranged, and connected together as to oli'er the greatest possible resistance to attempts ot' burglars to pry or force an entrance to its interior, or to blow it open with guupowder, or to make Ian opening into it with drills or like tools.

In making this safe I use sheets, bars, and bolts of steel, manufactured by a process discovered by J. Parks, J r.,l ot Pittsburg, Pennsylvanizuin which the outsiles of the metal are very line, hardfand highlycarbonized steel, while the interior is a layer ot' tibrous steel ot' great tensile strength, thusadding to the hard outsides ot' each piece, which can scarcely be penetrated witha drill, an interior librous core of great Iron sheets may be used for the outer and inner walls of this safe, for convenience of finish.

The nature o1 my invention consists- First, in the novel method of constructing tue corners ot' the safeby means of angle bars arranged in a peculiar manner, so as to oli'er a longitudinal resistance to strain or force in every direction.

Second, in the construction ot' safes, the employment of layers of sheets of the lsteel described run- .ning at right angles to eachother and secured by bolts made of the same material.

Third, in the method by which the various layers composing the safe and the outer and inner angle plates are secured together by bolts and rivets'.

Fourth, in the construction of' the bolts of steel described, by twisting the metal while hot, so as to leave the hard and soft steel in. alternate spiral layers, or by making them with alternate diagonal layers.

1u the drawings- A and A represent the outer and inner angle plates, ot suitable size and thickness, which I use prefelably ot' irouT-hut which may be of the steel described or of ordinary steel.

B and B' denote the inner lining and outer covering, of suitable thickness, for which I use iron preferably, but any other suitable metal may be employed.

C and C are shgets of suitable thickness, made of the hard and soft steel described.

D D' and D are the angle bars, of the same material as the sheets G and G.

E are conical double-headed iron rivets.

F and F are bolts .of the hard and soft steel described.

G and G are nuts into which the ends of the bolts F and F severally enter.

This safe is constructed in a way not usual with manufacturers, by being built up from the out-side.

First, the angle plate A is set up, which is followed next iu orderby the covering plate B', which is notas thick as the angle plate. The insides ofthe angle and covering plates coincide, and the edges of the latter rest against the edges of' the former, making a tight joint between them. The outer plate-C is then put on, with the conical bolts F protruding through it from outside to inside, being flush with the outsides ot' said plates.v The rivets E,conicaland double headed in form, are then put hot through the holes provided fbr them in the angle plate A and iu, the outer plate C', which holes are larger upon the outside 'and inside than in the center, and riveted until they entirely till said holes in all parts. Likewise, similar smaller rivets are used, to secure Vin a similar manner the covering plate A to the plate C'. The inner plate C', provided with the bolts F protruding through it from outside lto inside, and flush with the outside of said plate, is then put on, the sheets of which run at right angles to those of the outer plate C', which sheets are provided with proper holes, so as to pass over and lit closely to the bolts F.

Next in order the bars D are put on. These bars are preferably four or five inches wide, and from enefourth to three-fourths of an inch thick, according to the size of safe, and long enough to go around one corner and reach a portion of the distance across the wall of the safe. supposing the safe to standas it would, completed and ready for use, the bar D is fitted closely tothe interior vertical corner of the inner plate C', upon one side ofthe safe, and passing vertically down that corner to the bottom, bends at right angles across said bottom, with its edge against-the inner back of the safe, to the opposite side, where it turns up at right angles, and follows vertically up said side to the top of the safe, where it' bends again at right angles, z )1d passes over to the place ol'- beginning, beingat all/ times in the same vertical plane.

When this ar D or the bars D or D are spoken of, it is inten ed to embrace the several bars used in lcombination and in the same plane, which, in connection, go entirely around the safe, except at the points where the opening for the door interposes.

A similar' bar, D, is then put up next to that described, and touching its edges, and so on until the two sides, the top, and the bottom o f the safe are covered with one layer of bars. Next the bar'D' is set up in the same. .manner with the bar D, except that it is upon the'back wall of-the safe, with its edge touching vertically against the outer part of the bar D., which bar D covers vertically the front and rear walls 'and' the top and bottom of tl'e safe, in which lastmentioned parts it crosses the bars D-at right anglesv and covers them. Next thebar D', and touching it on the edges, a similar bar is set up, which passes'in like manner entirelyover the top and bottom and back wall ofthe safe, and so much ofthe front wall as has no opening for the door; and in that manner bar after bar is added, until the back wall and top and bott-om, and so much of the front wall las has not the opening for the door, is covered with a layer of the bars D'. Next the bars D are added, which pass around the interior of the safe longitudinally, and cover the. four sides of it with a layer of the bars D", except that part of the ii'ont which has the opening for the door.

These bars D D' and D" are provided with proper holes for the boltsF and F to pass through and fit tightly. On the series of bars D D and D the nuts G are countersunk tlushwiihthe outside of the bar D, which nuts are provided with propel' threads to receive and secure the threaded ends of the bolts F'. These bars may be riveted together at points of intersection, and should be so arranged that their several ends shall break joints.

Itwill tlms be seen that these three series of bars, D D' aud-D", cover the entire safe with two layers. The bars D' and D" cover the front and rear walls with two layers,'the bars Dv and D" cover the side walls with two layers, and the bars D and D cover the top and bottom with two layers. l lhe order above named for placing the bars is used for convenience and certainty in description, but in practice the order may be changed, taking care to preserve the relative arrangement of each series with both of the others.

Next within these bars D D' and D" are placed the plates C, crossing each other and fitted and secured like the plates O. Inside of this` again is placed the lining plate B, and within that the inner angle plates A, within. which,in turn, are placed the nuts G', pr'ovided with threads` to engage with and' secure the threaded end s of the bolts F.

I secure the various layers ot' this safein the follow- ,I in" manner: Bolts F pass through the inner plates C'the bars D D. and D", the plates C, the inner lin- I ing B, the inner angle plate A, and into the nut G',

which secures it. The boltF' passes through the outer i plate C', the limer plate C, and thebars D D' and D,

into'the nut G, which is countersunk into the bars D D and D", which nut secures said bolt F7. The doubleheaded conical rivets E pass through the outer angle plates A and the-outer plate C. t

Proper rivets of like kind secure the covering plate B to the plate C'. The headset' the bolts F and F' are in all instances f'lnsh with the ontsides of the respective'- plates which they first pass through. rlhe bolts F aml lfV are made ol' the hard aml softsteel described, being first -roughly shaped and then twisted when hot, so as to leave them in alternate spiral layers of hard and soft metal, and then finished as described, and provided with suitable screw-tln'eads 'at one of their ends. I also make these bolts out of blanks of the steel described, in such a manner as when finished the bolt is composed of alternate layers of hard and soft steel, diagonally arranged across the body of the bolt. In practice I make thesel bolts conical in form, but I do not wish to confine myself to any particular shape, butwish to adopt any equally effective.

. By the mode of fastening employed itwill be seen that. every layer composing my safe is securely fastened, so that the removal of'any one of them does not secure the removal of the rest, nor does the rcmoval of anybolt or any series of outer bolts enable a burglar to separate the inner layers.

By the employment of. the bars described I get an enormous strength for .resisting strains in any and ail directions, By the use ofthe steel plates described I get a combination of hard and soft steel, alternately, which is found in practice most ditlicult to ipei-folate with drills or to break. with hammers, and strongest to resist explosions. By the use of the spiral or diagonal layers of hard and soft steel in the bolts F and E', l am enabled successfully to resist the drill at the weakest point in any safe, for the spiral or diagonal layers divert the drill from a direct line, and cause it vto ilupinge at arrangle which will result in its fracture.

Having thus fully set forth the nature and. merits of -my device,

What I claim as my invention, and desire to se v cure by Letters Patent, is.-'

1. The bars D D' and D", of any suitable metal, when combined in layers and airanged relatively to each other, substantially as described, shown, and set forth, and for the purpose specified,

2. In the construction of safes, the employment of the plates C and O', of the hard and soft steel described, when said plates'are constructed and secured together, substantially as described, shown, and set forth.

3. The combination or the, angle plates A and A', the lining and covering plates B and B', the barsI D D aud D", and the plates O and C', with the bolts F' and F', the rivets E, andthe nuts G and G', constructed and arranged substantially as and for the purpose set, forth.

4. The bolts F and F', made of the hard and soft steel described, with the hard and soft steel in alternate diagonal layers, substantially as and for the purpose'set forth.

. DAVID O. PAIGE.

Witnesses A. W. RICE, H., F. Enars. 

